Culture of Secrecy in Japanese Religion

Question: Discuss about the Culture of Secrecy in Japanese Religion. Answer: Introduction: Buddhism is a religion found by Gautama Buddha whose religious philosophy is present in the first sermon of Buddha near Varanasi. The essence of the teachings surrounds four Noble Truths and Eightfold Path. The beliefs include; the world is full of suffering, suffering results from human desires, the path of salvation comes through renunciation of desires, and the fact that salvation can be attained simply by following the Eightfold Path. The religion is prevalent in the Indian subcontinent which bases on spiritualism rather than religious teachings. The religion has four major branches beginning with Theravada Buddhism which serves as the oldest form that emphasizes on the difference between the monks authority and that of the lay people. Besides, it reserves and conserves the traditions in prayer and meditation towards enlightenment and is present in countries such as Cambodia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Myanmar. The second branch involves the Mahayana Buddhism that is the second in age which does not put efforts on the monks authority but rather bases on compassion and the belief that all beings can reach the level of Buddha through self sanctification (Andreasen 2014). The religion is present in Japan, Korea, china, and Vietnam predominantly. Thirdly is the Tibetan Buddhism under the leadership of Dalai Lama who were exiled to India upon Chinese occupation of Tibet. The religion is based on the Mahayana teachings which seek followers to return to Tibet. Zen Buddhism is the last branch which serves as a combination of Mahayana Buddhism and the Taoism with its root in China. The religion teaches its followers on the concept of everyone being a Buddha and that everyone has the potential of reaching the level through the Zen practice. Culture and Belief of Buddhism Buddhism is a growing religion with over 480 million people around the world subscribing to the religion. The religion works on the belief that individuals ought to achieve spiritual awakening termed as Nirvana that comes through ethical and moral living and through meditation activities. In this case, a large population of the people ascribed to the religion spends considerable time in self-reflection to relieve themselves from life issues. Buddhism believes that human suffering results from human desires who in the process of satisfying their wants invite trouble to their lives. However, the religion uses its Four Noble Truths to counter the suffering in human lives. The followers believe in reincarnation which is the foundation of the idea of consciousness where it is reborn when one dies. As a result, many people experience several cycles of life, death, and finally rebirth in different forms hence no return to earth in the same entity one left. After undergoing the several cycles, individuals who forego the desires of the world achieve nirvana characterized by the state of peace. In this case, one becomes freed from suffering, desire, and the complete cycle of rebirth. Besides, the religion has eightfold path of wisdom which it uses to get individuals into spiritualism. The categories include: following the right belief, thought, speech, action, means of livelihood, meditation practices, right efforts, and the correct remembrance or memory. Following the eightfold aspect enables individuals within the religion to reach their ultimate goals in life to the point of Nirvana. At this point, one experiences eternal peace and frees oneself from worldly pleasures and the cycle of birth and death. Therefore, it is a balance between the worldly pleasures and spiritualism where individuals observe the teachings of the religion. The Eightfold Path contains the five Precepts which provide a series of training guides to be adhered to by the Buddhists. Breaking the rules leads to a review of the lessons to understand ways of avoiding future contradiction to the law (Coleman 2016). The five precepts include understanding the training to avoid taking away the life of living creatures. The second aspect involves the training to avoid taking things not given without permission. Besides, it involves undertaking training to avoid sensual misconduct, and the training to refrain from false speech (Van Gordon Shonin Griffiths and Singh, 2015). Lastly, it involves the training to abstain from substances leading to intoxication that can cause immoral practices. Furthermore, the religion recognizes the Law of Karma where they believe man to be the maker of his own destiny. In this respect, if one does good acts throughout his life, one would be reborn in a higher form of life until the cycle of birth is over (Fogelin 2015). By so doing, one has the mandate to control own acts so as to avert tragedies in future life by remaining good at all times. On the other hand, individuals engaging in evil acts end up in suffering where their actions replicate in their future lives and affect them adversely. Thus, the religion encourages people to observe the middle path that strains no one by doing good at all times. Moreover, the religions culture focuses on the importance of sanctity of life and relying on the aspect of love, compassion, and a preserve of living creatures by staying free from any acts that hurt other living creatures. Besides, it preaches on the need for equality for all men as evidenced in the opposition of the Caste System as the low-class individuals turned to the religion when they were mistreated by the upper class individuals (Safran 2013). On the other hand, the religion condemns animal sacrifice as it contravenes the preserve of living creatures according to its belief. However, the religion neither recognizes nor denies the existence of God. People following the religion are deemed to be peaceful so as to maintain ethical practices in line with achieving spiritual nirvana. In this respect, individuals always remain in the right mind while selecting the right actions that match the culture of the religion. For instance, individuals follow the law to avoid the pitfalls of corruption and other activities contravening the rule of law (Paulsen 2014). The culture is therefore a reflection of spiritualism rather than teachings towards goodwill as individuals practice the culture and internalize the practices. Followers of the religion do not worship any deities but rather worship and pray for the sole purpose of their inner peace. Consequently, a considerable time is spent on the spiritual nirvana towards purification and holy living. Most of the Buddhist celebrations and holidays are based on the lunar calendar which is celebrated at different times depending on the group of Buddhist and the country of origin. The holidays include Magha Puja day, Obervance day, Kathina ceremony, Dhamma day, Elephant festival, Festival of Floating Bowls, and Ancestor day (Scheid and Teeuwen 2015). In the temple, individuals are accepted in casual dress, sometimes asked to remove shoes, and remaining in the temple only at the end of a meditation (Lewis, 2014). Besides, cameras and other devices for reporting are not allowed in the place of worship unless approved by the priest. The priest leads a service and the faithful address them as Reverend, Roshi, or Lama. Food in Buddhism Buddhism is guided by their beliefs which advocate for the preserve of living things, and in this regard advice on killing animals as wrong. In this case, many Buddhists prefer vegetarianism. However, some cultures within the religion allow eating of fish. On the other hand, Buddhism disregards the use of alcohol as it distorts the normal state of the mind which can lead to unethical acts (Flood 2013). In this case, it only recommends for use of drinks for nourishment, eating of vegetables over meat, fruit over sugar, and chewing between meals as opposed to heavy eating. Therefore, eating of bland or plain food is advised in the religion. Besides, food is donated to monks as a way of cultivating generosity spirit and sharing. Early Monks depended on alms food donated by the supporters and anything offered was to be taken with gratitude despite the nature of the meal. Fish and meat could be served as long as the animal is not killed for the monks specifically (Sivaraksa 2015). However, followers in the religion from Chinese and Vietnam consume meat fish and eggs while rejecting pungent spices such as onions and garlic. Moreover, the sect advices on following daily schedules for meal where breakfast is served at 8:45, lunch at 1pm and dinner at 6pm. The schedule allows one to plan and control appetite and take meals at an appropriate time and with a proper nutrition value (de St. Maurice 2015). At the same time, people are encouraged to eat meals with their families as opposed to eating in restaurants. Individuals are encouraged to eat after meditation when persons are relaxed, calm, and composed which aids in the digestion process of food. Therefore, the religion holds special practices during meals which have to be taken after meditation. Food is essential in the Buddhist religion where the decision to remain vegetarians varies from one group to the other. Therefore, the decision to eat meat resides with individuals as long as the procedures are followed and one is not directly involved in killing a creature (Kwon and Tamang 2015). However, those opposed to meat consumption choose to follow the vegetarian diets and avoid alcoholic drinks for refreshment. Eating of vegetables is widely encouraged among the people in a family setup not only for religious purposes but also for health needs. Buddhism is a religion that has existed over time. The religion base on the spirituality aspect of meditation where people are encouraged to remain ethical and do well at all times so as to have the same replicated in their lives. A special consideration is placed on eating vegetables essential for vegetarians as opposed to meat. The religion has special ways of worship that build not only the holistic aspect of their followers but also cares for the health of their followers. Reference List Andreasen, E., 2014.Popular Buddhism in Japan: Buddhist Religion Culture. Routledge. Brown, J.W., 2016. Buddhism in a Dark Age: Cambodian Monks under Pol Pot by Ian Harris. de St. Maurice, G., 2015. Cuisine and Empire: Cooking in World History: By Rachel Laudan. Flood, G., 2013.The Truth Within: A History of Inwardness in Christianity, Hinduism, and Buddhism. OUP Oxford. Fogelin, L., 2015.An archaeological history of Indian Buddhism. Oxford University Press, USA. Kwon, D.Y. and Tamang, J.P., 2015. Religious ethnic foods.Journal of Ethnic Foods,2(2), pp.45-46. Lewis, T. ed., 2014.Buddhists: Understanding Buddhism Through the Lives of Practitioners. John Wiley Sons. Paulsen, R.H., 2014. Book Review: Crossroads in Psychoanalysis, Buddhism, and Mindfulness: The Word and the Breath.Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association,62(6), pp.1170-1175. Safran, J.D., 2013. Psychoanalysis and Buddhism as cultural institutions.Crossroads in Psychoanalysis, Buddhism, and Mindfulness: The Word and the Breath, p.187. Scheid, B. and Teeuwen, M., 2015.The culture of secrecy in Japanese religion. Routledge. Coleman, G., 2016.A handbook of Tibetan culture: A guide to Tibetan centres and resources throughout the world. Random House. Sivaraksa, S., 2015.Conflict, culture, change: Engaged Buddhism in a globalizing world. Simon and Schuster. Van Gordon, W., Shonin, E., Griffiths, M.D. and Singh, N.N., 2015. There is only one mindfulness: Why science and Buddhism need to work together.Mindfulness,6(1), pp.49-56.

Find Out If a Home Essay Sample is the Right Choice

Find Out If a Home Essay Sample is the Right ChoiceReading through a few of the essay samples will help you decide whether or not it is the right fit for your application. You can even use this resource to get feedback on the type of essay you may be doing well.What is the most important thing about a college application is the quality of the academic material? How do you stand out in this situation? This will also make a difference on how you are evaluated by admissions officers.You should be careful with what you consider an 'average' essay sample. You are looking for a balance between academic and personal topics. This is your chance to make a good impression.When you find a home essay sample that is more advanced, this would probably be the best choice. One of the problems students have with writing essays for an admissions test is that they do not know how to write well. With the help of a sample essay, they can at least get started.Essay samples are usually written by students. This gives them an opportunity to show off their own writing style. Of course, some student papers are better than others.However, there is no need to overdo it, and even if you use extra effort to polish up your writing, do not be tempted to put a lot of work into your essay. Most admissions officers will judge a paper on its overall content. Not, how you write.A home essay sample will let you know if you are making any progress. If your parents did not teach you how to write essays, take heart, there are many good resources out there to help you.If you need a little time to improve your writing, there are online help sites that will provide you with helpful hints and tips for writing the best admission tests. This is a great way to ensure that you do not have to worry about that terrible essay during the admission process.

Internship Report as a It Support Engineer free essay sample

My field of interest is IT Support Engineer and I worked in this field and gain significant knowledge on this field. This experience will help to me to get job on this related field. The purpose of the internship program is to help students focus on their career interests and potentials. The whole program entitles to give the opportunity to learn, observe and determine their goals and aims. At the end of the period, the study allows them to gather information and construct a report on their observations, knowledge and experience. As stated earlier the study also assists students in completing their academic credit. The scope of the report is to describe the purposes of the internship program and the work undergone during the program. The report defines the responsibilities, sources of data, information of the work covered in the program duration with problems and achievements. The activity schedule is the work distribution of an internee in order to complete the internship program. We will write a custom essay sample on Internship Report as a It Support Engineer or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The efficiency and maturity with which a Engineer schedules the activities related to a network determines the engineer understands of his/her work. Scheduling determines the necessary tasks and allocates each task the necessary time. The internship program allows internees to understand how processes work and what is needed to be able to perform efficiently. Problems may surface while preparing a detailed internship report due to difficulty in acquiring information or data and limited prior knowledge in technical report writing. While obtaining information, an internee may face difficulties in communicating with various sources of information and also face difficulties in unknown platform. In order to have sufficient amount of knowledge by the end of this program, an internee should be able to communicate well with the fellow colleagues and obtain information as much as they can with the limitations involved. Link3 Technologies Ltd. is a full-service IT company and solution provider with unrivaled expertise in software development-maintenance, networking, computer sales service, web-based solution, computer hardware software sales-support. They are vision is to provide the utmost satisfaction to our clients through unwavering commitment to Service Standards in every aspect of our business. They achieve our vision on the strength of our highly motivated employees in a caring work environment. Link3 Technologies Ltd. is specialized in designing, developing, and delivering effective IT solutions to help streamline IT functions and improve the competitive position of the clients. They are a Customer Focused Company working to provide innovative solutions, which are delivered with Reliability and Timeliness, Flexibility and Low Cost. Customer satisfaction is our primary aim. They design solutions keeping the business requirements of clients as well as technical requirements in mind.

Management case Example

Management case Example Management case – Essay Example Case – Newell Company: Corporate Strategy One challenge that Newell faced in the late 1990s was the emergence of large-scale retailers. The three main retailers were able to extend their dominance of the market from 70% in 1992 to 80% in 1998. Because of the size of the market controlled by these retailers, Newell had to find a way to increase efficiency in its supply chain and distribution systems. Another challenge that Newell had in that time was partly due to its own actions of making acquisitions. These acquisitions were risky to some people because of the vast size of them. Typically when a company acquires another company, the new acquisition is considerably smaller. Newell had to get these acquisitions through the Newellization process in a short amount of time so Newell can make gains in those markets.2. One resource that Newell has is its Newellization process, which helps to bring new acquisitions into the brand and get them up to speed. The brand name is strengthen ed because of this and customers become loyal to the Newell brand. This process also helps new firms to follow the same basic management principles across all sectors, and this helps to ensure that Newell is the market leader in all of its markets. Another distinctive resource that Newell has got is the different products offerings. Because Newell separates its products into different market levels, this allows customers of all financial backgrounds to afford the products. This has a knock-on effect of creating strong brand presence and loyalty, two traits that will serve the company over the long term.3. Newell has a centralized administration, which helps to ensure no miscommunication between departments. Newells strong corporate structure is based on each division focused on its own operations and leaving the major decisions to top management. This makes Newell a company that is decentralized but also with a strong top management focus. Other areas of Newells good corporate struc ture are is annual meetings and financial reviews. These things help Newell to keep focus and make sure that no part of the firm is slacking off. Lastly, with high demand for positions within the company, it shows that there is competitiveness there and also employees feel satisfied being part of the team.4. Both the acquisition of Calphalon and Rubbermaid make sense because they have something to offer Newell. Newell already has a good process for integrating new acquisitions, and the company can improve both companies even better than they were when the acquisitions were made. Once the acquisitions go through the Newellization process then there are many advantages that these brands can bring. Both acquisitions already have good customer markets that Newell does not have great access to, so there is a potential for expanding here. Calphalon has good customer connections due to its focus on customer services, and this is a strategy that has served Newell well over the years. Also, Newell can expand its global presence with the acquisition of Rubbermaid, which already has good brand equity.

EMERGENCY NURSING DISCUSSION 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

EMERGENCY NURSING DISCUSSION 3 - Essay Example Introduction of such a rule has several implications, both positive and negative, both of which will be discussed in this essay. The main positive outcome of this rule is formal addressing of the established "access block"of eight hours, which was a burden on the emergency departments and had adverse impact on the care of the patient. Thus, the new "access block" standard is four hours and this is enforced with high level of compliance, thereby solving the access block problem. Implementation of the rule forces hospital administrations to take responsibility for the access block problem. Also, ramifications pertaining to patient flow is beyond only ED problem and the hospital gets involved in it. Another major advantage of this rule is that it forces the staff to assess and manage patients at an early stage, thus enhancing the role of clinical judgment, without merely depending on laboratory diagnosis (Cadogan, 2009). The four hour rule has some negative effects too. It causes increased stress because of increased number of after hour shifts, 24- hour emergency consultant cover and increase in weekend shifts. Such stress, without punitive penalties can lead to gaming of figures, facts and flow of patients. The stress can also cause reduction in the standard of care delivered in the emergency room. Also, the autonomy of the emergency physician can get denuded which can in turn impact the patients negatively. The rule increases the propensity for adverse patient outcomes and here are high chances for the patients to get discharged early without a proper diagnosis. Some experts opine that excellence in patient flow will be rewarded than appropriate patient care (Cadogan,

Client Assessment Report in Counseling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Client Assessment Report in Counseling - Essay Example He was able to overcome his castration anxiety and identify with his father. However as he grew up, his father expected him to take over the family business. This did not feature in his ambitions since he had a strong desire to start his own IT firm which he went on to do. Conscientiousness as one of the five factors found in Goldberg’s trait theory of personality deals with the assessment of an individual’s degree of organization, persistence, and motivation in goal-directed behavior. Dickson being high in conscientiousness seemed to be what created the wedge in the relationship with his father and therefore it crumbled. It was because of this that Dickson found himself sinking into a depressed state. Dickson is the only son in a family of three of which he is the middle born child. According to Alfred Adler; the birth order was seen to influence the formation of the personality of an individual. Being a middle born the universal traits expected to feature in Dickson i ncluded independence on behavior. Alfred advanced that middle born less closely identify with the family because they receive less attention compared to the first or last born children. They, therefore, learn to look out for themselves and they tend to report having been less loved as a child. His older sister who is eight years his senior is a successful figure in her father’s family business. This heightened the pressure to join the family business even more and his refusal to do so was just seen to be much worse because as a boy, he is expected to have been socialized by his father to take up the role of the head of the family business. The age difference also put a strain on the sibling relationship between him and both his sister. This is because even his younger sister was ten years younger than he was. Age difference affects sibling relationships whereby, the contextual influences e.g. the environmental influences vary with different generations. Growing up, Dickson en joyed spending most of his time reading and studying in order to excel in his studies with the sole purpose of making his father proud. His introverted lifestyle allowed him to get very good grades all through his school life but this came at a high price. It denied him the chance of socially interacting with his peers who at the adolescent stage are key agents of socialization or the way in which orientation to the society normally occurs. Studies by Dunn and Plomin et al (1990) have shown that peer groups influence an individual into acceptance of new rules of behavior and provide lasting experiences for personality. Dickson, therefore, missed out on the opportunity to learn various ways of how interaction with others besides his father occurs. Dickson grew up looking up to his father who he saw as his role model. In Albert Bandura’s social learning theory; it was advanced that children learn through observational learning or what is alternatively referred to as modeling.

Ethics, Euthanasia and Canadian Law. Utilitarianism Theory, Morality Essay Example for Free

Ethics, Euthanasia and Canadian Law. Utilitarianism Theory, Morality Essay Utilitarianism Theory Introduction v. Latimer Summary   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The case study is about Mr. Latimer and the actions he did in the name of ending the pain and torture that Tracy, his twelve-year daughter, was going through. Tracy suffered from Cerebral Palsy; it was due to this that Tracy was quadriplegic. She was not able to do anything on her own and therefore used to rely on other people for assistance. Feeding herself was difficult; hence, it was the family’s responsibility to ensure that their daughter did not sleep hungry. Ever since she was born, Tracy had undergone two surgeries, which according to Mr. Latimer had caused more pain to her than before. When Mr. Latimer was told that His daughter was to undergo another surgery, he was not comfortable with this idea since it meant even more pain for Tracy. It was because of this that Mr. Latimer decided to end his daughter’s life by exposing her to carbon monoxide. Later on Mr. Latimer confessed to killing his daughter and it was because of this that he was accused of second degree murder and issued a 10-year jail term, which was in accordance with the Criminal code. Morality   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In my opinion, Mr. Latimer was morally right when he decided to end his daughter’s life. Since he was the parent, he knew exactly the pain that Tracy was going through. Latimer knew that the surgeries that his daughter was being subjected to were doing her more harm than good. This is because she was only a twelve-year old and such pains were unbearable. It is obvious that Latimer loved his daughter; this is because he allowed two surgeries to be performed on her. Mr. Latimer had the perception that the surgeries would improve Tracy’s life but this never happened, instead, it made her life unbearable. Due to this, Mr. Latimer was against another surgery since it meant additional pain and suffering. Hence, in my opinion, ending his daughter’s life was the moral thing to do as a parent.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The verdict made on Mr. Latimer was morally wrong. This is because the jury never stopped for a while to consider the pain that this girl used to undergo on a daily basis. According to Bauslaugh (2014), it would be wrong to equate Latimer to a murderer. This is because unlike other murderers who are malicious, Latimer ended his daughter’s life out of love and mot malice. By deciding to end his daughter’s life, which was always painful, Latimer was morally right. Ending a person’s life in order to end the pain that one is going through has always been referred to as euthanasia. Medical practitioners have practiced euthanasia for decades and it is still active to date. In order to embrace morality, the jury would not have paid much attention to the fact that Latimer committed murder but on the main reason that prompted him commit the act. Utilitarianism and Formalism   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   According to Perez and Moore (2012), whereas utilitarianism is the process where one does an act that he or she beliefs is morally right, Formalism is the act where one’s actions are either right or wrong. The main difference between utilitarianism and Formalism is that whereas Utilitarianism first considers the reasons behind certain actions, it is different with formalism. This is because unlike utilitarianism, Formalism never considers morality or the reasons why one committed a certain actions. This is because in formalism, one’s actions are either right or wrong. Utilitarianism Theory   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In my opinion, instead of formalism, the Court would have embraced the utilitarianism theory before making the final rulings. According to Perez and Moore (2012), utilitarianism always puts into consideration the happiness of the majority. Happiness is usually a byproduct of one’s action and not a defensible principle. According to studies, before making any conclusions, it is usually vital that one acts in a manner that creates happiness to many people (Perez Moore, 2012).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   According to Perez and Moore (2012), people are often distinguished on their level of morality, when faced with a moral dilemma; a moral person usually calculates the amount of happiness that his or her actions will cause. For instance, had the jury been moral, it would have stopped to consider the consequences of the rulings before accusing Latimer of second degree murder and finally sentencing him to prison. Latimer’s sentence received a lot of uproar from the public; this is because many people were not happy with the manner in which the ruling was made (Bauslaugh, 2014). Since utilitarianism puts into consideration the happiness of the majority, it becomes evident that one does not consider the repercussions that he or she might face because of the actions made (Perez Moore, 2012). References Bauslaugh, G. (2014). Ethics, Euthanasia and Canadian Law. Retrieved on 26 October 2014 from file:///C:/Users/David/AppData/Local/Temp/Ethics,%20Euthanasia%20%20Canadian%20Law%20%20%20%20Robert%20Latimer.html Perez, D. W., Moore, J. A. (2013). Police Ethics: A Matter of Character. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar/Cengage Learning. Source document